Hi!
I've been looking in API's for a while in desperate need for an easy
way to parse string and retrieve data (forget about Regexp or scanf),
so that any non-rubyist guy I work with could describe, with a single
string, a FTP directory on which some files are saved. Moreover, I
need some metadata so that I can effectively sort and work with data I
retrieve from this FTP.
For example, I would not know which file I should retrieve on:
'ftp://ftp.org/DATA/mike'
but
'ftp://ftp.org/DATA/{user_name}/{year}/{month}-{day}.txt' would do
just fine, so that I could, for example, get this hash:
{:year=>"2005", :user_name=>"mike", :day=>"15", :month=>"10"}
for this filename:
'ftp://ftp.org/DATA/mike/2005/10-15.txt'
I don't know if such a method is already available for Ruby, so I
decided to implement it on my own. Here it is:
###### Source ###########################################
class String
def parse_for_variables(description,begin_var_name="{",end_var_name="}")
split_reg_exp=Regexp.new(Regexp.quote(begin_var_name)<<"(.+?)"<<Regexp.quote(end_var_name))
@variables=[]
@is_a_variable_name=true
searching_reg_exp=Regexp.new("^"<<description.split(split_reg_exp).collect{|str|
@is_a_variable_name=!@is_a_variable_name
if @is_a_variable_name then
@variables<<str.sub(/:(\d+)$/,'').intern
str=~/:(\d+)$/ ? '(.{'<<$1<<'})' :"(.+)"
else
Regexp.quote(str)
end
}.join<<"$")
values=searching_reg_exp.match(self).to_a[1..-1]
!values.nil? &&
@variables.length==values.length &&
Hash.check_for_consistency_and_create_from_arrays(@variables,values)
end
end
class Hash
def self.create_from_arrays(keys,values)
self[*keys.zip(values).flatten]
end
def self.check_for_consistency_and_create_from_arrays(keys,values)
@result={}
keys.each_with_index{|k,i|
raise ArgumentError if @result.has_key?(k) and @result[k]!=values[i]
@result[k]=values[i]
}
@result
rescue ArgumentError
false
end
end
···
############################################################
#### Examples ###############################################
irb(main):026:0> 'foobar'.parse_for_variables('foo{name}')
=> {:name=>"bar"}
# You can specify the length of a string by adding :i to the end of a
variable name
irb(main):027:0> 'foobar'.parse_for_variables('foo{name:3}')
=> {:name=>"bar"}
irb(main):028:0> 'foobar'.parse_for_variables('foo{name:2}')
=> false
irb(main):029:0> 'foobar'.parse_for_variables('foo{name}')
=> {:name=>"bar"}
# By default, variable names are written between {}, but it could be
overridden with optional arguments
irb(main):030:0> 'foo(bar){|x|
x+2}'.parse_for_variables('foo(<<arg>>){|<<var>>|
<<expression>>}','<<','>>')
=> {:arg=>"bar", :var=>"x", :expression=>"x+2"}
irb(main):031:0>
'C:\Windows\system32\vbrun700.dll'.parse_for_variables('{disk}:\{path}\{filename}.{extension}')
=> {:disk=>"C", :extension=>"dll", :filename=>"vbrun700",
:path=>"Windows\\system32"}
irb(main):032:0>
'2006-12-09.csv'.parse_for_variables('{year}-{month}-{day}.csv')
=> {:year=>"2006", :day=>"09", :month=>"12"}
irb(main):033:0> '2005 12 15'.parse_for_variables('{year} {month} {day}')
=> {:year=>"2005", :day=>"15", :month=>"12"}
irb(main):034:0>
'20061209.txt'.parse_for_variables('{year:4}{month:2}{day:2}.txt')
=> {:year=>"2006", :day=>"09", :month=>"12"}
irb(main):035:0>
'20061209.txt'.parse_for_variables('{year:2}{month:2}{day:2}.txt')
=> false
# You can use a variable name twice:
irb(main):036:0>
'DATA/2007/2007-12-09.csv'.parse_for_variables('DATA/{year}/{year}-{month}-{day}.csv')
=> {:year=>"2007", :day=>"09", :month=>"12"}
# as long as values are consistent:
irb(main):037:0>
'DATA/2007/2006-12-09.csv'.parse_for_variables('DATA/{year}/{year}-{month}-{day}.csv')
=> false
irb(main):038:0> 'whateverTooLong'.parse_for_variables('whatever{name:4}')
=> false
irb(main):039:0>
'whateverAsLongAsIWant'.parse_for_variables('whateverKsome_variableK','K','K')
=> {:some_variable=>"AsLongAsIWant"}
irb(main):040:0>
'whatevertoolong.csv'.parse_for_variables('whatever$name:4$.csv','$','$')
=> false
############################################################
Have you ever use such a method?
Is it possible to implement it in a more elegant way?
Thanks for reading, and please feel free to use my code if you ever need it,
Eric Duminil
