BitStruct technique

While working on a problem this morning I came up with an interesting technique for using the BitStruct gem to produce binary strings. After some hacking around I discovered I didn't need to use BitStruct at all. Even so I thought I would share what I learned so the technique doesn't get lost.

Imagine you need to construct a binary string from some arbitrary object. BitStruct allows you to do this in 3 ways: pass a binary string directly, pass in a hash, or yield a block. It's easy to extend this mechanism for parsing your own classes by building on the block yield initialization mechanism.

hsh = {:a => 1, :b => "foo", :c => "bar"}

class C < BitStruct
   signed :context, 32, "c id"
   char :password, 12*8, "pw"
   char :usr_name, 12*8, "name"

   # important to initialize these values so the
   # block passed to #super is evaluated correctly
   initial_value.context = 0
   initial_value.password = ''
   initial_value.usr_name = ''

   def initialize message
    # parens on #super are important so no args
    # are passed up to the parent; if this part fails
    # then you missed
    super() do |struct|
     struct.context = message[:a]
     struct.password = message[:b]
     struct.usr_name = message[:c]
    end
   end
end

c = C.new hsh # very clean!
c.inspect

In this example I passed in a hash as my message, but the +message+ variable could have been any object that could be interrogated to retrieve values for setting the bitstruct fields. I like this technique because it delegates the responsibility of proper bitstruct initialization to the class under construction. It nicely encapsulates that operation which I believe demonstrates the Single Responsibility principle.

I hope this is of use to someone someday.

cr

Chuck Remes wrote:

  def initialize message
   # parens on #super are important so no args
   # are passed up to the parent; if this part fails
   # then you missed
   super() do |struct|
    struct.context = message[:a]
    struct.password = message[:b]
    struct.usr_name = message[:c]

If you add this line here:

       yield struct if block_given?

then the block initialization can still be used by subclasses or by the caller of #new:

c = C.new hsh do |struct|
   struct.context = 2
end

···

--
       vjoel : Joel VanderWerf : path berkeley edu : 510 665 3407

Chuck Remes wrote:

While working on a problem this morning I came up with an interesting technique for using the BitStruct gem to produce binary strings. After some hacking around I discovered I didn't need to use BitStruct at all. Even so I thought I would share what I learned so the technique doesn't get lost.

Imagine you need to construct a binary string from some arbitrary object. BitStruct allows you to do this in 3 ways: pass a binary string directly, pass in a hash, or yield a block. It's easy to extend this mechanism for parsing your own classes by building on the block yield initialization mechanism.

hsh = {:a => 1, :b => "foo", :c => "bar"}

class C < BitStruct
  signed :context, 32, "c id"
  char :password, 12*8, "pw"
  char :usr_name, 12*8, "name"

  # important to initialize these values so the
  # block passed to #super is evaluated correctly
  initial_value.context = 0
  initial_value.password = ''
  initial_value.usr_name = ''

  def initialize message
   # parens on #super are important so no args
   # are passed up to the parent; if this part fails
   # then you missed
   super() do |struct|
    struct.context = message[:a]
    struct.password = message[:b]
    struct.usr_name = message[:c]
   end
  end
end

c = C.new hsh # very clean!
c.inspect

In this example I passed in a hash as my message, but the +message+ variable could have been any object that could be interrogated to retrieve values for setting the bitstruct fields. I like this technique because it delegates the responsibility of proper bitstruct initialization to the class under construction. It nicely encapsulates that operation which I believe demonstrates the Single Responsibility principle.

I hope this is of use to someone someday.

cr

I think I see where you're going with that, but just so others know, the hash-based initialization is simple (though it does require that the hash keys match the field names--and avoiding this is probably the point of your code):

require 'bit-struct'

hsh = { :context => 1, :password => "foo", :usr_name => "bar" }

class C < BitStruct
   signed :context, 32, "c id"
   char :password, 12*8, "pw"
   char :usr_name, 12*8, "name"
end

c = C.new hsh

···

--
       vjoel : Joel VanderWerf : path berkeley edu : 510 665 3407

Joel,

that's right. I probably shouldn't have used a hash as my example since you already have hash-based initialization built in. I meant for this to be a nice way to pass an arbitrary object to the constructor so the logic of getting data from that object would be encapsulated in one spot. I also could have built a temporary hash from the object argument and passed that to the superclass' constructor but I prefer the block-based initialization for readability.

And thanks for creating such a neat library. I don't have a need for it now that I understand my problem domain better, but rest assured it is now a member of my toolbox for some future problem when I do need it.

cr

···

On May 14, 2009, at 4:53 PM, Joel VanderWerf wrote:

Chuck Remes wrote:

In this example I passed in a hash as my message, but the +message+ variable could have been any object that could be interrogated to retrieve values for setting the bitstruct fields. I like this technique because it delegates the responsibility of proper bitstruct initialization to the class under construction. It nicely encapsulates that operation which I believe demonstrates the Single Responsibility principle.
I hope this is of use to someone someday.
cr

I think I see where you're going with that, but just so others know, the hash-based initialization is simple (though it does require that the hash keys match the field names--and avoiding this is probably the point of your code):

require 'bit-struct'

hsh = { :context => 1, :password => "foo", :usr_name => "bar" }

class C < BitStruct
signed :context, 32, "c id"
char :password, 12*8, "pw"
char :usr_name, 12*8, "name"
end

c = C.new hsh